STATES OF MATTER

Objectives

1. Solids, liquids and gases

• [x] State the distinguishing properties of solids, liquids and gases
• [x] Describe the structures of solids, liquids and gases in terms of particle separation, arrangement and motion
• [x] Describe changes of state in terms of melting, boiling, evaporating, freezing and condensing
• [x] Describe the effects of temperature and pressure on the volume of a gas
• [x] Explain changes of state in terms of kinetic particle theory, including the interpretation of heating and cooling curves
• [x] Explain, in terms of kinetic particle theory, the effects of temperature and pressure on the volume of a gas

1. Diffusion

• [x] Describe and explain diffusion in terms of kinetic particle theory
• [x] Describe and explain the effect of relative molecular mass on the rate of diffusion of gases

States of Matter

Before listing the states of m atter and their properties, we first have to define matter. Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. In this syllabus, it is classified into the three usual categories: Solids, Liquids and Gases.****

Another term you need to be familiar with is Fluids. Simply put, they are substances that flow AKA liquids and gases only.

The Kinetic Particle Theory

This theory states that all matter is made of particles (atoms or molecules) that are in constant random motion and have spaces between them. It also outlines how matter and its action (such as diffusion and rate of reaction) is affected by temperature and pressure.

Properties of the States of Matter