This chapter talks about the apparatus and procedures used in chemistry. You will learn the usage of each tool, regarding when, how and why. You will also learn how we can combine apparatus and measurements to gather specific information.

OBJECTIVES

1. Experimental design

Name appropriate apparatus for the measurement of time, temperature, mass and volume, including:

• [ ] **(**a) stopwatches
• [ ] (b) thermometers
• [ ] (c) balances
• [ ] (d) burettes
• [ ] (e) volumetric pipettes
• [ ] (f) measuring cylinders
• [ ] (g) gas syringes
• [ ] Suggest advantages and disadvantages of experimental methods and apparatus

Describe a:

• [ ] **(**a) solvent as a substance that dissolves a solute
• [ ] (b) solute as a substance that is dissolved in a solvent
• [ ] (c) solution as a mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in a solvent
• [ ] (d) saturated solution as a solution containing the maximum concentration of a solute dissolved in the solvent at a specified temperature
• [ ] (e) residue as a substance that remains after evaporation, distillation, filtration or any similar process
• [ ] (f) filtrate as a liquid or solution that has passed through a filter

2. Acid–base titrations